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ARTICLE 2:

Physical Therapy Interventions in Children With Cerebral Palsy:

A Systematic Review

AUTHOR: Gonzalez N A, Sanivarapu R R, Osman U, Et Al. (August 21, 2023)

SOURCE: Cureus 15(8): E43846. DOI 10.7759/Cureus.43846

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2026 - Article 2: Physical Therapy Interventions in Children With Cerebral Palsy (Gonzalez et al., 2023)

The number of attempts remaining is 3

Please complete the following information to be sent to HPCSA.

1 / 15

The article reports cerebral palsy (CP) prevalence as affecting approximately:

a) 1 in 100 live births

b) 2–3 in 1,000 live births

c) 5–6 in 10,000 live births

d) 1 in 10,000 live births

e) 10 in 100 live births

2 / 15

Which category of CP is the most common?

a) Dyskinesia

b) Ataxia

c) Spasticity

d) Mixed type

e) Hypotonia

3 / 15

The Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) is used to:

a) Diagnose CP genetically

b) Classify motor severity and track progress after interventions

c) Identify MRI abnormalities

d) Differentiate between spastic and ataxic CP

e) Measure caregiver stress

4 / 15

Which of the following are prenatal risk factors for CP?

a) Oligohydramnios

b) Placental disease

c) Intrauterine growth restriction

d) Twin gestations

e) All of the above

5 / 15

Less than 10% of CP cases result from:

a) Hypoxia during labour

b) Preterm birth

c) Meconium aspiration

d) Infection in pregnancy

e) Malnutrition

6 / 15

Epilepsy can co-occur with CP in up to 90% of cases.

a) TRUE

b) FALSE

7 / 15

How many final articles were included in the review?

a) 21

b) 12

c) 9

d) 7

e) 6

8 / 15

Fosdahl et al. (2019) combined which two exercise approaches?

a) Slackline and horse riding

b) Stretching and PRE

c) Sit-to-stand and online training

d) Core stability and yoga

e) Pilates and gait training

9 / 15

Elshafey et al. (2022) demonstrated that core stability exercises improved coordination and balance in children with cerebellar ataxic CP.

a) TRUE

b) FALSE

10 / 15

Which intervention used a three-wheeled running bike?

a) Slackline training

b) Race Running

c) Sit-to-stand training

d) Horse riding

e) LIFT

11 / 15

Johnson et al. (2020) studied adherence to home programs using which tool?

a) WebMD Coach

b) Physitrack

c) MyFitnessPal

d) Wii Fit

e) Zoom-based training

12 / 15

Which intervention was tested by Chaovalit et al. (2021)?

a) Core stability

b) Horse riding

c) Sit-to-stand program

d) Slackline

e) Race Running

13 / 15

Which outcomes were used in Surana et al.’s LIFT trial?

a) One-minute walk test (1MWT)

b) 30-second chair rise test

c) ABILOCO-Kids questionnaire

d) Single-leg stance

e) All of the above

14 / 15

Zaliene et al. (2018) studied horse riding. Which group showed significant improvement?

a) Beginners

b) Advanced riders

c) Both groups equally

d) Neither group

15 / 15

Most included studies showed improvements in symptoms like gait, balance, coordination, and endurance, but were limited by small sample sizes and short duration.

a) TRUE

b) FALSE

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